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- NATION, Page 34THE POLITICAL INTERESTCongress: Twelve Is Enough
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- By Michael Kramer
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- Enough already. Congress has had its chance. The bills
- masquerading as campaign reform are little more than incumbent
- protection acts. Even if they belaw, the changes will be
- cosmetic at best. At worst the nation will again be deluded into
- believing that the system has been fixed. And the system stinks.
- Congress has developed into a House of Lords, a ruling elite
- insulated from accountability to all but the interests who spend
- lavishly to win its attention.
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- If real reform is beyond the capacity of members of
- Congress, the only option left for the public is to kick them
- out. That is exactly what a number of serious people are trying
- to do. At least a third of the states are actively considering a
- constitutional amendment limiting service in the House or Senate
- to twelve years.
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- Term limitation is not a new idea. The Continental Congress
- precluded members from serving longer than three years in any
- six-year period. More recently, Presidents Truman and Eisenhower
- advocated a cutoff, as did the 1988 Republican Party platform.
- First-time candidates, too, often warm to the notion, but most
- back off after election. For addiction to office, Arizona
- Senator Dennis DeConcini takes the prize. A staple of
- DeConcini's successful 1988 campaign for a third six-year term
- was his claim that he could better fight for a twelve-year
- limitation if he was in the Senate for 18 years.
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- The premise of limitation is simple: if there must be life
- after Congress, then maybe, finally, its members will consider
- the national interest before their own re-election. The idea is
- analogous to California's famous Proposition 13, the 1978 law
- that restricted property taxes by rallying voters around a
- catchy slogan: the best way to keep legislators from spending
- money is not to give it to them in the first place.
-
- Critics of limitation rightly say that not all old blood is
- bad blood. Many, perhaps most, members of Congress are qualified
- and competent -- individually. But together, as an institution,
- they are paralyzed. Expeditious action on Capitol Hill is
- reserved for nonsensical commemorative resolutions like
- "National Prom Graduation Kickoff Day." Important issues -- the
- deficit, education reform, health care -- are either ducked or
- shunted to powerless commissions for study. Contrivances like
- automatic spending cuts substitute for judgment.
-
- But a twelve-year limit might increase influence peddling
- rather than reduce it, claim the naysayers. To ensure rewarding
- employment once their terms expire, members of Congress would
- remain in thrall to the interests that already control them.
- Maybe so. Yet the Executive Branch has successfully limited the
- revolving-door syndrome. Restricting postcongressional work in a
- similar fashion would not be impossible.
-
- It is true that limitation might create an even less
- desirable group of unresponsive incumbents -- the 31,000
- congressional staffers whose power is already outsized. But
- freed from the never-ending necessity for political fund
- raising, legislators might actually find the time to lead rather
- than follow their staffs.
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- Term limitation may not take us to the promised land. On
- closer inspection, it may even be a misguided dream. Still, the
- threat of a limit on congressional service could be just the
- weapon necessary to generate real campaign reform and maybe even
- force the enactment of public financing of congressional
- elections. Nothing else has done the trick. Scandal, disgust and
- decreasing voter participation -- all predicted to energize
- change -- have failed. It may be that nothing can, or ever
- could, concentrate a Congressman's mind more than the prospect
- of losing his job forever.
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